What legal document is filed at the courthouse to indicate that a lawsuit is pending on a specific piece of property?

The correct answer is the Lis pendens. This legal document serves as a public notice that a lawsuit has been filed concerning a specific piece of real estate. It provides constructive notice to anyone interested in the property that there is a legal action awaiting resolution, which may affect the title or ownership of the property. This is particularly important in real estate transactions because it allows potential buyers, lenders, or other interested parties to be aware of any legal disputes involving the property before they proceed with any transactions.

In contrast, a notice of claim is typically used in the context of certain liability claims, while a writ of attachment is a court order to seize property to satisfy a judgment. A levy notice is related to the enforcement of a judgment through the seizure of assets. These other documents do not specifically serve the purpose of notifying the public about ongoing litigation concerning real estate, which is the primary function of a Lis pendens.